Seawater 1:30, Two Hours Before Sunset = Fast Uptake
Master Cho Han-kyu, interpreted by Kim Chang, Founder of Korean Natural Farming (Janong)
Spoken in Korean. Translated to English and checked line by line.
Cho says the soil's hometown is the sea, from Genesis, and tells Elisha salting the spring in 2 Kings as the Bible's seawater story. Then the ranch: cows dying on acidic grass, an owner afraid of salt, and the fix, seawater diluted 1 to 30 because seawater is 3% salt and a plant's green blood 0.1%. For drought pasture he gives the timing: spray 1 part seawater to 30 parts fresh water two hours before sunset, cut and feed the next day, and the same timing for every crop.
What they found
How much seawater does Cho give an acidic or drought-stressed pasture, and when?
Thursday morning, about 42 minutes in. Cho stands at the flip chart (earlier notes still showing) and tells the story of a big Hawaiʻi ranch he visited. No slides; the numbers are spoken. Near the end he sits down because his legs hurt.
- Seawater for an acidic pasture (the ranch) — 1 part seawater to 30 parts water (1:30), sprayed on the pasture to bring acidic grass to neutral. Reason: seawater is about 3% salt and alkaline; a plant's 'green blood' is 0.1% salt, so 1 into 30 matches it. Cho's Korean and the interpreter agree on 1:30.
- Seawater for drought pasture — 1 part seawater (바닷물) to 30 parts fresh water (민물), sprayed on the pasture about two hours before sunset; cut and feed the grass the next day. Source: Cho's Korean (the word 'sunset' is a reconstruction). The interpreter gave 1:30 and the next-day cutting, said 'two hours before sunrise', then corrected to 'late afternoon, 3 or 4 pm' and 'before sun goes down two hours'.
- Timing for every crop — Give nutrients, the nutrient solution, about two hours before sunset to any crop or fruit tree (Cho names macadamia, papaya, mango); absorption gets very fast. Source: Cho's Korean; the interpreter dropped the crop list.
-
The soil's hometown is the sea, so Natural Farming uses a lot of seawater.
Cho cites Genesis: the waters gathered into the seas and the dry land appeared out of them.
▶ 43:19 As spoken
-
Elisha poured very clean salt into the spring; the salt water reached the sick fields and they gave a good harvest.
Cho places it in Second Kings (열왕기하). His Bible precedent for seawater.
▶ 45:16 As spoken
-
More than 95% of Natural Farming comes from the Bible, and the Bible is action and practice.
The interpreter said 'about 95%'.
▶ 46:56 As spoken
-
At a big dairy ranch on the drive from Hilo, cows died after grazing; Cho tasted the grass and found it strongly acidic.
Acidic grass rots the cows' stomachs; the pasture had to be made neutral. The ranch is not named with certainty (heard as 'Parker Ranch').
▶ 49:18 As spoken
-
Seawater is alkaline, so it brings acidic pasture to neutral.
The owner feared salt poisoning would kill more cows. Cho: 'knowledge became a disease.'
▶ 51:10 As spoken
-
Seawater is 3% salt; a plant's green blood is 0.1% salt; so put 1 part seawater into 30.
3% ÷ 30 = 0.1%. Animal blood is red, plant blood green.
▶ 51:59 As spoken
-
With 1:30 seawater on the pasture, the grass came back to neutral and the cows recovered.
Interpreter: 'cows these days are all cured.' Cho's Korean here is partly unclear.
▶ 53:43 As spoken
-
Pigs or chickens fed strongly acidic grass can die.
Interpreter: 'might die or get sick.'
▶ 54:02 As spoken
-
In Hawaiʻi, when rain is followed by a dry spell, grass is likely to turn acidic.
This is the drought case for the spray below.
▶ 54:29 As spoken
-
In a drought, spray the pasture with 1 part seawater to 30 parts fresh water two hours before sunset, then cut and feed it the next day.
Cho's Korean: '[해 지기] 2시간 전에 바닷물 하나에다가 민물 삼십에 타 준 것을 목초지에다 뿌려 놓은 후에 그 이튿날...'. 'Sunset' is reconstructed; the interpreter first said 'sunrise', then '3 or 4 pm'.
▶ 54:54 As spoken
-
About two hours before sunset is when the crop takes in nutrients most vigorously.
Cho links it to the day's carbon assimilation winding down (that phrase is partly reconstructed).
▶ 55:35 As spoken
-
The same two-hours-before-sunset timing goes for every crop and fruit tree: macadamia, papaya, mango. Absorption gets very fast.
Not only pasture.
▶ 55:57 As spoken
-
It is a 'plant clock', set by where the sun rises and sets, matched to the physiology of every living thing.
The interpreter: 'according to their cycle, nutrient cycle.'
▶ 56:26 As spoken
-
Supply the right kind, at the right time, in the right amount (적기, 적질, 적량), matched to the crop's life.
Cho: 'what we're doing is working out which nutrient the crop needs and how much.'
▶ 57:02 As spoken
- The ranch result is Cho's story; no numbers on the pasture's acidity or the herd were given.
- 'Sunset' in Cho's Korean (해 지기, at 3294 and 3362) is a reconstruction: the machine pass heard only 'two hours before'. Sunset is what the interpreter settled on and what Cho's books say.
- The ranch name is not confirmed.
- The spray is for pasture and crops; Cho says later in the session that this seawater teaching is for crops, not for giving to livestock.
- Minerals (seawater) go on at 1 part to 30 parts fresh water, to match a plant's own 0.1% salt.
- After rain then drought, acidic grass can harm stock; diluted seawater assists the pasture back to neutral before it's fed.
- Spray about two hours before sunset (late afternoon), when the plant takes things up fastest; Cho gives the same timing for fruit trees and other crops.
Next to Master Cho's teaching
-
Agrees
Seawater 3%, plant blood 0.1%, dilute 1:30 Same numbers and the same green-blood argument at his fruit seminar later in 2017.
2017/Advanced Cho/advanced fruit/IMG_3205 @ 1:31:41 (translated)
-
Agrees
Apply two hours before sunset The CGNF advanced text says to finish spraying two hours before sunset on clear days. The interpreter's 'before sunrise' is the odd one out.
CGNF Advanced (2005.08) (English translation), p. 8
-
Agrees
Seawater 1:30 as a first dilution His nutrient-cycle charts from this same week list seawater at 1:30 as the first dilution.
Cho nutrient cycle charts (scan, Oct 22 2017) (English translation), p. 2
-
Agrees
Elisha's salted spring as the Bible basis for seawater He told the same Elisha story earlier in 2017 at Papaikou.
2017/Cho - Papaikou/IMG_9592 @ 0:07:54 (translated)
“So the hometown of the farmland is the sea.”
▶ 43:19
“So knowledge became a disease.”
▶ 51:47
“It's a plant clock, set by comparing where the sun rises and where it sets.”
▶ 56:26
In this talk
Transcript
English translation, checked against the Korean as spoken.
41:43 Where do you think the hometown of paddies, fields, soil is? So where is the soil's home? Anybody knows? The soil, hometown. Hometown. Hometown. Where is the hometown of the soil? ...How come you say that? The ocean. Oh, the ocean. Why do you think it's the ocean? Why do you think it's the ocean? Because Master Cho told me that. Ah, he told you. Has anyone here read the Bible? Your answer is correct. Anybody read the Bible here?
논, 밭, 토양의 고향이 어디라고 생각하세요? …어떻게 해서 그렇게 말해요? 왜 오션이라고 생각하세요? 아, 그분이 말했죠. 여러분 성경 읽어보신 분 계세요?
42:34 That's where the earth came out of the ocean. What this means in detail: the earth, the land, rose up out of the sea. That's in Genesis, chapter … verse … (chapter and verse unclear). God, the Creator, spoke to the waters: 'Gather in one place.' And so it became the sea. And then He said, 'Let the dry land appear.' Appear what? Dry land, land. 'Let the land appear.' What appeared... ...became the land. So the hometown of the farmland is the sea.
이 자세한 말은, 지구 땅이 바다에서 솟아나왔어요. 그게 창세기 …장 …절 (불명확) 하나님께서, 창조주께서 바다에다 대고 '물은 한 곳으로 모여라.' 그래서 바다가 됐잖아요. 그리고 거기다 대고 '뭍은 드러나라' 그랬거든. 뭐를 드러내요? 뭍, 뭍, 땅. 땅을 드러내라. 드러나는 것이… …뭍이 된 거예요. 그래서 농토의 고향은 바다야.
43:22 So in Genesis there is a story that God said to the water, come all together, that became an ocean. And then God said to the land, come up. So that became a field and a land. The soil coming up from the ocean. So the Creator called the dry land that appeared 'earth,' and the gathered waters He called 'seas.' So God said that the land coming up from the ocean, that is the land, and then the water, he called it ocean. In Natural Farming, because the hometown, the soil's hometown, is the sea,
그래서 창조주께서 드러난 뭍을 갖다가 땅이라고 부르고, 모인 물을 바다라고 불렀다고. 자연농업에서는 고향이, 토양의 고향이 바다에 있기 때문에
44:07 In natural farming, we know the hometown of the soil is the ocean, so when we farm, we use lots of ocean water. And using seawater in farming... So in the Old Testament in the Bible, it has information saying that people give ocean water to the crop. It's in the Bible. ...it's in chapter 2, verse ... (unclear).
그런데 바닷물을 갖다가 농사에 … 쓰는 것은 …2장 …절에 나와있어요. (불명확)
45:07 (Elisha) was there, and (the people of that town) asked him, that their crops were all so diseased they could no longer farm. So the prophet Elisha said, 'Bring me only very clean salt.' So they brought the salt. '...Find where the spring water comes out.' Right? They found the spring. And there he put in the salt, poured it in. And when he poured it, the salt went into the spring water and flowed and flowed down, ...as it flowed down, it soaked into the fields. So that year there was a good harvest, and the farmers ate well and lived well.
…(엘리사가 어느 고을에) 있었는데 그 (고을 사람들이) 물었어. 작물이 모두 병이 많기 때문에 농사를 못 짓게 생겼다고. 그러니까 엘리사 선지자가 '아주 깨끗한 소금만 가져와라.' 그래서 소금을 가져왔어. …'샘물 나는 곳을 찾아라.' 그죠? 샘물 나는 곳을 찾았어. 그러니까 거기다가 소금을 넣었다, 부었단 말이야. 부었더니 샘물 속에 소금이 녹아서 흘러 흘러 내려가지고 …그게 내려가면서 논밭에 스며들었다고. 그래서 그해 풍년이 들어서 농민들이 잘 먹고 살았더라.
45:52 That has been handed down to this day. It's in Second Kings. Okay, in the Bible, Elisha, he is the leader of that town and their crop is all sick and disease and then he asked God how to... Farmer asked Elisha how we can take care of this problem. He said, give me the salt. And he brought this salt. And then there's a spring water. He went to the spring water and put the salt in there. And then salt water coming down to the field. And then he took care of the problem and all those crops were back and very healthy.
그것이 지금까지 내려오는 일이라. 그런 것이 열왕기하에 있습니다.
46:56 So more than 95% of Natural Farming comes from the Bible. That was in the Bible. So he is saying that our natural farming method about 95% is from the Bible. So in the Bible, it's all doer and practitioner. The Bible is action and practice, not memorizing and understanding. That's how you have to think of it. It's not thinker and analyzing. You have to do it and practice it.
그래서 자연농업은 성경에서 95% 이상 … 가져온 것입니다. 성경은 바로 행동이고 실천이지, 기억이고 이해가 아니야. 그렇게 생각해야 돼요.
47:45 So in Natural Farming we use a great deal of seawater in our farming now. And yesterday, from Hilo, on my way here, a huge rainbow stood up in the sky. So in natural farming we use lots of ocean water and then yesterday we are driving over this place. He saw huge rainbow. So he thought in this seminar we are going to have a very important student arise. So I came here already thinking this seminar will raise up some very great people. That's how I feel.
그래서 자연농업은 지금 농사짓는 데 바닷물을 아주 많이 쓰거든요. 그런데 어저께 제가 힐로에서 여기로 오는데 아주 무지개가 굉장히 크게 섰어요. 그래서 요번 세미나는 굉장히 큰 인물들이 양성될 거라고 미리 이 생각을 하고 왔어요.
48:39 So many natural farming leaders come up from this seminar. So the reason we use seawater is that its hometown is the sea. So the reason that we are using ocean water a lot is because that's the hometown of the soil. And on the way over from Hilo to here, they say the biggest ranch on earth is there. From Hilo coming over to this side, there is a biggest ranch in the world, the Parker Ranch. And what happened was, they ran dairy cows, a dairy ranch... (partly unclear)
그래서 그 바닷물을 쓰고 있는 이유는 뭐냐 하면, 그게 고향이 바다이기 때문에. 그런데 힐로에서 여기 넘어오는 그쪽에 지구상에 제일 큰 목장이 거기 있다면서요. 그런데 그 …가 뭐였느냐 하면, 젖소, 젖소 목장을 했다고…
49:29 But after the cows grazed the grass, they died. So I went to that ranch. I went because they said the cows were dying, the owner said they were dying, so right away I pulled some of the pasture grass and ate it myself. So he went to that ranch and then ate their grass. And that grass was strongly acidic. When he tasted that grass, it was very acidic.
그런데 그 소들이 풀을 뜯고 난 다음에 죽는 거예요. 그래서 제가 그 목장을 가봤어요. 그 전에 소가 죽는다고 해서 갔는데 그 주인이 죽는다고 해서 제가 얼른 목장에 있는 목초, 풀을 뜯어서 내가 먹어봤다고. 그런데 그 목초가 아주 강산성이에요.
50:14 So he explained to the owner that grass has a high acidity and how consuming that makes their intestine very acidic. So I told the ranch owner: because the grass is acidic, eating it rots their stomachs and... (unclear). That's what I told him. So that's why they started to die. So he told him that we need to neutralize this field. So you have to quickly make this into neutral grass, or these cows will keep dying, and the rancher asked me how to do that.
그래서 제가 그 목장 주인에게 풀이 산성이기 때문에 이걸 먹고 위장이 썩어서 … 하는 거라고 그 얘기를 했거든요. 그래서 이걸 빨리 중성 풀로 만들어 놓아야 이 소가 죽지 않는다고 목장주가 어떻게 하면 되느냐고 얘기하더라고요.
51:00 So the owner said, how can I make this field neutral? Here's the thing: seawater is alkaline. If you spray alkaline water on the pasture, won't it become neutral? So when you use the ocean water on the acid land, it will become neutral because the ocean water is alkaline. Then what the owner said was, if you spray seawater, it's so salty the cows will get salt poisoning and even more will die. And then owner told him, if I put the ocean water there is so much salt, they will kill more cows. That's how he answered to him.
그게 뭐냐 하면 바닷물은 알칼리죠. 알칼리 물을 갖다가 목초지에다 뿌려주면 중성이 될 거 아니에요. 그랬더니 그 주인이 얘기하는 게 뭐냐면 바닷물을 뿌려 넣어주면 소금기가 많기 때문에 염중독에 걸려가지고 소가 더 죽는다는 거예요.
51:46 So knowledge became a disease. But in the end, here's how you work it out: seawater is 3% (salt). So the ocean water, the salt content is 3%. The grass's blood. Do you think grass has blood, or not? So in the grass there is a blood. Do you think the grass has a blood in their body? It has blood. But in the blood, the... Oh, so, yes, plant has blood too. So the animal's blood is red, and the plant's blood is green.
그래서 지식이 병이 된 거예요. 그런데 결국 … 어떻게 푸냐면, 바닷물은 3%야. 목초의 피. 목초의 피가 있다고 생각해요? 없다고 생각해요? 피가 있어요. 근데 … 피에, 혈액에
52:32 Animal blood is red blood; plant blood is green blood. And the salt in that green blood: it's 0.1%. So in the plants' blood, the salt content is 0.1%. So not 3% seawater: put one part seawater into 30 parts water and it's 0.1%. So if you want to use ocean water [unclear], you need to dilute it 30 times, 1 to 30 times.
동물의 피는 적혈이고 식물의 피는 녹혈이야. 근데 그 피, 녹혈의 염분이 얼마냐 하면 0.1%야. 그래서 바닷물 3%가 아니라, 바닷물 하나에다 30을 넣으면 0.1%입니다.
53:42 ...as (the pasture) came back and turned neutral, the cows' disease was cured. (partly unclear) So he did 1 to 30 ratio, he gave ocean water on his grass field and then cows these days are all cured. When you raise pigs or chickens, So when you have a livestock like a pig or chicken, if you feed the acidic plants, then if you feed them strongly acidic grass, they die. your livestock might die or get sick.
…(목초지가) 살아나면서 중성이 되기 때문에 소의 병이 고쳐지고 났습니다. 여러분들이 돼지나 닭을 기른다고 할 때 산성이 강한 풀을 먹이게 되면 죽어요.
54:28 And here in Hawaii, you know how it rains and then turns dry? So when we have a drought, all those grass are turning into kind of more acidic. When it rains and then goes dry, the grass is likely to turn acidic. At times like that [unclear]… two hours before [sunset], one part seawater mixed into thirty parts fresh water, So when you have a drought, water your grass field with the ocean water, one to thirty, sprayed on the ranch land, the pasture, and then [cut and fed] the next day, that's very good.
그리고 만약에 하와이에서 비가 오다가 가물 때 있잖아요. 비가 오다가 가물 때는 풀이, 산성 풀이 될 가능성이 많아요. 그럴 때는 […] [해 지기] 2시간 전에 바닷물 하나에다가 민물 삼십에 타 준 것을 목장지에, 목초지에다 뿌려 놓은 후에 그 이튿날 [베어 먹이면] 아주 좋은 거예요.
55:17 and then the next day you can cut it and feed your animal. 2 hours before sun rise. Yes, after 12, so late afternoon, 3 or 4 pm. So the reason that we give them at that time, that time the plant absorb all those nutrients, It's the time, as [carbon assimilation winds down], when the crop can take in nutrients most vigorously. ready to absorb those nutrients, that's why we are doing that. So all these nutrients when you give to your other crops, always do it [unclear]. This goes not just for pasture but for every crop and fruit tree, macadamia, papaya, mango and so on: two hours before [sunset]
[탄소동화]가 [끝나기] 시작한 점에 작물이 가장 왕성하게 양분을 받아들일 수 있는 시간이에요. 이것은 목초뿐만이 아니라 모든 작물, 과수, 마카다미아나 파파야나 망고나 이런 것들을 [해 지기] 두 시간 전에
56:07 give the nutrients, the nutrient solution, and absorption gets very fast. This is matched to the physiology and ecology of every living thing, a plant clock, set by comparing where the sun rises and where it sets. So all these time and cycle he is talking about, before sun goes down two hours, that's according to their cycle, nutrient cycle. So what we're doing is working out for you which nutrient the crop needs and how much. So you need to develop that, uh, uh, get all these nutrients right time, right amount, uh,
영양분, 영양제를 주면 흡수가 굉장히 빨라져요. 이것은 생물의, 모든 생명체의 생리 생태에 맞추어서 그 해가 뜨는 곳과 지는 곳을 다 비교해 가지고 맞춰 낸 식물 시계예요. 그러니까 우리가 작물에게 무슨 영양분이 얼마나 필요하다고 하는 것을 분석시켜 드리는 거거든.
57:01 Matched to the crop's life and ecology, we supply at the right time, the right kind, the right amount. [unclear] the giving is the answer. Right kind of a nutrient, right time, right amount. Do not analyze like a chemical farmer. You need to develop that. Yes, will you sit? No, it's fine to sit.
작물 생명체 생태에 맞춰서 적기, 적질, 적량을 공급합니다. 주는 [그 자체가] 그 답이 [되는] 거예요. 네, 앉으세요? 아니요. 앉아도 괜찮아요.
57:48 Sorry, my legs hurt. He said, I'm sorry. I said, don't worry. So when we look at a crop, it too is a living being.
다리가 아파서 미안해요. 그래서 우리들이 작물을 볼 때 그것도 하나의 생명체거든요.