Fat Tree, Empty Fruit: The IMO5 Ring at the Drip Line

0:00 I cannot remember who gave me the mangosteen. Who gave me this mangosteen? Who was it that gave me the mangosteen? It came to me while I was eating it: what went wrong here needs a remedy, a prescription. So, if you want to try her mangosteen, and then there's something is going on with this mangosteen, so he is going to give you a prescription for your mangosteen tree. So actually, next time I come, rather than all of us sitting together like this for a seminar, I'd go around the fields, go to the field, look at the crops, diagnose them, and lay out what to do.

저에게 망고스틴을 주신 분이 누구죠? 내가 먹다가 생각이 나서, 이거가 이렇게 된 게 잘못된 거를 처방(치료책)을 내야 된다. 그래서 사실은 제가 다음에 올 때는 이렇게 모여 앉아서 세미나 하는 것보다는 현장을 다니면서 그 밭에 가서 작물을 보고서 진단을 해가지고 방법을 제시하는 겁니다.

0:54 My wish is next time when I come to teach, I don't want to teach this setting. I would like to go visit your farms and then look at your crops and give you prescription. Yay! I get tired, so I can't do many places. About three or four places a day. I'm getting old, so I'm getting tired quickly, quicker than before, more tiring. So I can maybe visit three farms or four farms a day.

지치기 때문에 많은 데는 못 하거든요. 하루에 3군데 내지 4군데 정도 다니게.

1:48 That's because I'm young right now, in the springtime of life. Because I'm still cheongchun (young), has a lot of stamina. So the people near that farm gather at that farm. Nice. So when I visit certain farm, so who live near the farm come to that farm and study together. So today we're holding the seminar here, but isn't there someone who slaughtered the pig today? His farm isn't far from here.

왜 그러냐면 내가 지금 청춘이기 때문에 그래서 그 농장 근처에 있는 사람들은 그 농장으로 모이게 그래서 오늘 여기서 세미나를 하고 있지만 오늘 돼지 잡은 사람 있지 않으세요? 그 사람의 농장이 여기서 얼마 안 되지.

2:33 If you went to a place like that just once, you'd learn a lot right away, but doing it only in here, your head just gets heavy, and nothing gets into your heart. So today who roasted the pig, his farm is near here, David Fortes Farm. But we are studying like this style. You receive lots of knowledge through your brain, but it doesn't touch your heart. This time, Steven Boloson and Joe McGinn, on the farm they run they've already raised broilers, slaughtered them and sold them.

그런 데를 한번 가서 보면 금방 많은 걸 배울 수가 있는데 여기서만 하다 보니까 머리만 무겁지. 가슴에 들어온 게 없다고. 그래서 이번에 스티븐 보로산, 조 매긴, 그 사람들이 하는 농장에서 벌써 닭을 브로일러로 길러서 잡아서 팔았거든.

3:23 So Joe McGinn and, I can't pronounce his name. Stephen. Stephen and Joe McGinn, they already have broiler chicken, so they market their chickens already. So when the right time comes, I would like to travel around your farm and study together. So, timing it exactly to when I come again, at that time, the farms in Hawaii that love natural farming, it would be really good to make one round of them. So then we can go to Drake's farm and John Cavalry's farm. At that time we'd go see Drake's farm too,

그래서 다시 오는 시기를 딱 맞춰가지고 그때 한번 하와이에서 자연농업을 사랑하는 농장들을 한 바퀴 돌면 참 좋겠다고 그때는 드레이크 농장도 가보고

4:13 So hopefully we could taste their food crops also. and go there and share a meal made from what they grow with natural farming, So if we make the round and look at them one after another, So that's how I feel. When we are able to visit each farm, we will learn not only from you'll see natural farming that reaches your heart, not just your head. brain, with your hearts. So you all pick the dates.

그리고 거기 가서 자연농업으로 생산한 농산물에 식사도 같이 하고 그래서 한 바퀴 돌면서 쭉 돌아보면 머리에 닿는 것보다 마음의, 가슴에 닿는 자연농업을 볼 수가 있을 거라고. 그렇게 그 날짜는 여러분들 잡으세요.

4:58 You can plan it. Then I will, according to those days, I will try to come back here. But right now I have to travel around 47 countries on the globe teaching, so work that out and set the dates in advance. Because he is flying 47 countries to teach natural farming right now, so his schedule is very tight. So we need to let him know ahead. You need to consider that. Actually he does. After he finishes this seminar, next month, beginning of next month, he is going to China.

여러분이 계획하시면 됩니다. 대신 내가 지금 지구촌에 47개 나라를 돌아다니면서 지도를 해줘야 되기 때문에 그거는 계산을 하고서 날짜 잡으시라고 미리.

5:47 And before he came to this seminar, he just came back from Taiwan maybe three days ago, and then he came over here. That's why he's so tired. Where are you from? Which part of China is that person going to? That Chinese person. Korea. Where are you from? Hong Kong? We're from China. China side. Where in China? We are from Hunan. Hunan. Yunnan.

저 사람은 어느 중국 쪽으로 가나요? 저 중국 사람이요.

6:40 I'm going to the border region between Myanmar and Yunnan. Myanmar and Yunnan. Yunnan. Meet each other later, You guys should talk to each other later. and talk it over again. So if you want to contact me, go through CGNF Hawaii. Got it? Why are you laughing like that? With love, okay?

미얀마하고 윈난하고 국경지대 간다고. 윈난. 서로 만나서 나중에 이야기를 다시 나누도록 하겠습니다. 알았지? 왜 이렇게 웃어? 사랑으로, 오케이?

7:35 I don't come to Hawaii because Hawaii is pretty. The reason that I come to Hawaii, not that I love Hawaii. I don't know. to build a base and, all of America and the Pacific Rim, to embrace them, that's why I come to Hawaii. I want to spread this natural farming all over the world. He wants to make this Hawaii his research center, natural farming research place. That's why he wants to start here. That's why he did. So what I'm looking at is, the big tourists come to Waikiki, and that those income generate

내가 하와이에 오는 건 하와이가 이뻐서 오는 게 아니야. 기지를 만들어가지고 전 미국과 환태평양 지역을 품어 안으려고 하와이를 오는 거라고요.

8:25 The days when Hawaii could make a living off people swimming at Waikiki beach are over. to Hawaii, they cannot keep doing that anymore. I mean, it doesn't work. When people come to Hawaii, they should go around the farms, and there, eat a meal and leave carrying that impression. Unless we make Hawaii that kind of destination... Okay, so the new way of attracting tourists is bring

와이키키 해안에 해수욕을 하는 걸로는 하와이는 먹고살기가 지나갔어요. 하와이에 오면 농장을 다니면서 거기에서 식사를 하고 나면 그 인상을 얻어가지고 간다고 하는 그런 관광지를 만들지 않으면 하와이에.

9:18 people to each healthy farm and go there and then taste you guys food, healthy food and then they became healthy and then we can attract more tourists that way. So, coming to Hawaii, Where is this? Big Island. Hawaii. Kohala. Here in Kohala, if you slaughter a pig and do a pig barbecue, people eat that and go, and then Joe McGinn's or they come to Steven Boloson's farm, cook the chicken, eat and go, So it's just like a... something like this. So people come to

그러니까 하와이에 와서 그... 여기가 어디지? 빅 아일랜드네. 하와이에요. 코할라. 코할라지 여기 와서는 돼지를 잡아가지고 돼지 바비큐 하면은 그렇게 해서 먹고 가고 그 다음에 조 매긴이나 스티븐 보로산 농장에 와서 닭을 요리해서 먹고 가고

10:10 Kohala just like today, they can roast the pig, and these tourists come here and taste the natural farming roast pig, and then also go to Honolulu, visit Joe McGinn and Steve's farm, they can taste the natural farming chickens, and something like that, etc. And when they come to Drake's farm there, And then when we go to Drake's farm, they get to eat very delicious mandarins. we can eat delicious tangerine, citrus fruit. Yeah. In Honokaʻa, you drink really delicious coffee,

그리고 저 드레이크 농장에 와서는 아주 맛있는 밀감을 먹게 됩니다. 호노카아에 가서는 아주 맛있는 커피를 마시고

11:03 and we set up a place where people leave feeling refreshed. Also, we can visit Carol's farm in Honokaʻa, have a delicious natural farming coffee, Chicken? And the chicken and the duck. Yeah. So that way we make good places here and there across Hawaii, and you here... you drank the sugarcane juice, right? Oh, we have to bring the sugar cane juice from our room. We forgot about it. We've been drinking it all. Sorry, guys. So when we come here, drink sugar cane juice to our island.

그 기분을 상쾌하게 하고 가는 곳을 잡고. 이제 그렇게 해서 하와이 내에 여기저기 좋은 데를 만들고 여러분들이 여기서 슈가케인 주스 마셨죠?

11:58 But the most delicious sugarcane juice in Hawaii is the juice from John Cavalry's farm. You come there and drink a glass of cane juice, and then we go on to [John's family's?] farm and have a drink. And then, make papaya farms and strawberry farms and the like, and tour them tasting the special produce of each place. Hawaii has to become that kind of destination, known as a place with excellent food. That's how Hawaii comes back to life. So we developed a delicious papaya farm and strawberry farm, all kinds of different fruit farms.

근데 하와이에서 가장 맛있는 사탕수수 주스는 존 캐블리 농장의 주스지. 거기 와서 사탕수수 주스를 한 잔 마시고 그리고 저희는 [존 가족의?] 농장에 가서 술을 마시고요. 그리고 이제 파파야 농장이나 딸기 농장이나 이런 데를 만들어가지고 거기 거기에 특수한 농산물을 맛을 보며 관광을 해가지고 하와이는 식품이 아주 우수한 곳이라고 그런 관광지가 되어야 하와이가 더 살아나.

12:49 That's how we bring in tourists and then you will really bring lots of income for the Hawaiʻi. This part... (unclear) I mentioned her earlier... Where did she go? He was looking for somebody that has a... He was looking for Nami.

이 대목은… (불분명) 아까 [그분] 얘기했는데 어디 갔어?

13:35 Is she the revolution? The revolutionary? Good. If you want to change Hawaii's farming, in Hawaii, you have to make the movement to produce proper food a long-term one. develop person who can deliver that idea. But if you're going to launch a movement in Hawaii for eating wholesome food, if the males run the movement, it has no power. The females have to run it. So to do that, if you use male, it doesn't work that well.

하와이에서 하와이 농업을 바꾸려고 하면 올바른 음식을 생산하는 운동을 장기화해야 돼요. 그런데 하와이에서 온전한 식품을 먹으려고 하는 운동을 전개하려고 하면 숫놈이 운동을 해서는 힘이 없어. 암놈이 운동을 해야 돼.

14:22 You need to use woman. So this friend here is good at this. She's good at this, because she's very good at talking. Because Nami is very good with the mouth. So Nami loves to talk, so she need to visit the mayor or the governor and talk to them She has to go to the Hawaii governor's office and put this to the governor. The governor is a male, you see. and change their mindset.

이걸 잘해. 왜냐하면 입으로 말하는 게 아주 좋은 거에요. 하와이 주지사 방을 찾아가가지고 지사한테 이것 내야 돼요. 주지사가 숫놈이란 말이에요.

15:08 Those people are usually men. When two males meet, they go in to fight. Because most of the time those people are male. So when you meet male to male, But if a female goes and cozies up and talks to him, they try to fight each other because of their territory. But when a female goes and tells the story, they kind of fell into it. the governor can't budge. So when you go, don't go alone; take this mother here along with you. So don't go by yourself. If you bring somebody like your mom, age people, bring that woman also. Because the governor is getting on in years.

그 사람들이 보통 남자들이에요. 숫놈끼리 만나면 싸우러 들어가요. 그런데 암놈이 가서 비비대고서 이야기하면 주지사가 꼼짝을 못해. 그래서 갈 때는 혼자 가지 말고, 여기 이 엄마와 같이 모시고 가라고. 왜 그러냐면 주지사는 나이가 좀 들었잖아요.

15:59 Because usually those mayors or governors, men, they are little bit older person. And if a young lady goes, he'll brush her off. Because she is young, they will maybe look down to her. But if an older mother is standing next to her, he can't brush her off. So when you go with an elder woman, they cannot do that. So that way you go to the governor They cannot look down on her. and ask him: are you going to do it properly or not? So she goes to them and then, can you help us doing this idea? They're people who live on votes, so they get scared and do it right away.

그런데 젊은 아가씨가 가면 막 무시한다고. 그런데 연세 좀 드신 엄마가 옆에 서 있으면 무시 못 하거든요. 그렇게 해서 주지사한테 가서 제대로 할 거냐 안 할 거냐 물어보면 표를 먹고 사는 사람들이기 때문에 겁이 나가지고 얼른 해줍니다.

16:53 Because those people needed our vote, so they were starting to cooperate with you. And women, once you pass this on to them, they're a local broadcasting station. Because a woman loves to talk, it's like a country radio station, something like that. So the young woman and older woman go there and broadcast and then you will be successful. So, male drive them around and then help them to go out and fight.

그런데 여자들은 이걸 전해주면 지방방송국이라고.

17:42 So the men, just drive the car with the women warriors in it, and the women do the fighting. That's how Hawaii's farming has to be saved. This mangosteen fruit is like a That's a pretty good scheme. Yeah, yeah. He's done this before. These mangosteens are almost all miscarried mangosteens.

그래서 남자들은 여자 전사들을 태워가지고 차 운전이나 하고 여자들은 싸우고 그렇게 해서 하와이의 농업을 살려야 된다. 이런 망고스틴은 거의 다 유산된 망고스틴입니다.

18:33 aborted. It's the same as an aborted, in a way. When it was young, it was fed too many meat side dishes. mangosteen is young, they ate too much meat, too much nitrogen. So it put on weight, but there's nothing inside. So they are kind of chubby inside, but there is no meat, no fruit inside. So this, to get this mangosteen to bear a lot, So, people usually think if you grow the fruit tree big and tall, you think they are going to give you more fruit. people think a tree grown big bears a lot, but because it got so fat, it didn't flower.

어렸을 때 너무 고기 반찬을 많이 먹였어. 그래서 살은 쪘는데 속이 없어. 그래서 이건 이 망고스틴을 많이 열리게 하기 위해서 나무를 크게 기르면 많이 열리는 줄 알고 있는데 살이 많이 쪘기 때문에 꽃이 안 폈어.

19:24 It is not that way. It just got too fat. When does this mangosteen flower? Then it doesn't flower. So when this mangosteen flowering? When? When is it right now? It flowers in August, and... (rest unclear) August? August. So when do you harvest? I started harvesting last month. (To Cho, in Korean) She started harvesting last month. This is the last harvest. This is the last harvest. Not all of them are bad.

이 망고스틴은 꽃이 언제 피는 거야? 8월달에 [피고]… (불분명) 지난달부터 시작했고요. 이게 마지막 수확이에요.

20:09 Last year, July. Last year in July, it was short of calcium phosphate. So in this case, last year around July, you're supposed to do water-soluble calcium phosphate nutrient cycle. Say that one more time. You didn't do that. I didn't live there. I just got it this May. No, we are just teaching the cycle. If you want to have lots of fruit and juicy fruit, last year if you treat it with water-soluble calcium phosphate, you will have a healthy and juicy fruit. Because there's a lot of water-soluble calcium nutrient last year, July.

지난해 7월. 지난해 7월에 인산칼슘이 [모자랐던] 거예요.

20:59 So what would be the cycle at the end of this meeting? because then it goes into a new cycle, so how do I pay attention to that? He is going to tell you now, so please listen. So for this fruit to fill out completely, To have a full of juicy fruit inside, last year July, you need to give water-soluble calcium phosphate and then their pregnancy is very healthy. the pregnancy has to go well in July.

그래서 이것이 이 알이 꽉 차려고 그러면 [7월달에] 임신이 잘 되어야 되거든.

21:47 Let's think about IMO5 as a mixed compost. Now, in a case like this, think of it as IMO5. To make IMO5, you need IMO4 plus water-soluble calcium phosphate. This is... (unclear; he is pointing to the bones) So what is the calcium for us? We use cow bone and pig bones. So we are making bone char. Make this into char. Make the char, put the char in a container about this size, and pour brown rice vinegar over it. So put the bone char in the big container and pour the vinegar in there.

그런데 이런 데 IMO5로 생각한 거죠. 이거는… (불분명) 이것을 숯으로 만들라고요. 숯을 만들어가지고 숯을 이런 크기로 담아놓고 거기다 현미식초를 부어.

22:43 So then the water starts to melt. Then it all dissolves into it. So you mix that solution with IMO4. Then mix it 1 to 1 with IMO4. (Interpreter checking with Cho) Not diluted? Diluted? — No, not diluted; it's just the straight solution, it seems. So when you mix, the mixing ratio is one part of IMO4, one part of the water-soluble calcium phosphate. Liquid IMO4? No. (Interpreter checking) So first you put vinegar on the char, right?

그러면 이게 다 녹아 들어갑니다. 그러면 토착미생물 4번에다가 1대1로 섞어. 희석 아니에요? 희석? — 희석 아니요, 그냥 [원액]인데… [원액]인 것 같더라. 아, 일단 숯에다가 저기 식초를 넣는다는 거죠?

23:30 Putting vinegar on the char, taking that and putting it in... (partly unclear) So the one that you extract, the water-soluble calcium phosphate, And mix all of this together, and this mangosteen tree... (partly unclear) and you mix with the IMO4. So, after you mix the IMO4 and the water-soluble calcium phosphate one-to-one ratio, on the drip line where mangosteen at the line of the branch tips... (unclear; the board shows a ring at the drip line)

숯에다 식초를… 갖다가 넣는 걸… (일부 불분명) 그리고 이 모든 것을 다 함께 해서 이 망고스틴 나무… (일부 불분명) 가지 끝… (불분명)

24:21 tree is, you make a circle like a donut and then you sprinkle those, the mixture. Not just mangosteen: papaya, banana, every crop, that's the way to fertilize them. If you make this and put it in, the tree bears a lot of fruit. (Interpreter, to Cho) Wait. So not only this... you put this into all fruit trees? You mix this and put it into all fruit trees. So that mixture, not only giving that to mangosteen, you can use all kinds of food trees

그건 망고스틴만이 아니라 파파야라든지 바나나라든지 농산물 다 그런 거름 주는 방법이다. 이걸 만들어서 넣어주게 되면 아주 열매도 많이 열리고 잠깐만요. 이것만 하는 게 아니라 이거를 아예 뭐 과수에다 넣으라고요? 이걸 섞어서 넣은 게 아예 과수에다 넣어요.

25:09 That coffee too: fertilize coffee trees that way and you get a lot of very delicious coffee. Even coffee tree, you mix IMO4 and water-soluble calcium phosphate and then give a nurture that way, you will have a delicious coffee. So when you mix IMO4 and water-soluble calcium phosphate, it becomes IMO5. When do you put that compost in? May. Usually we give those nutrients in May. You have to put it in then, so that when the flowers form, the nutrients get absorbed and the tree makes lots of flowers. So when we give all those nutrients in May, when they

저 커피도. 커피나무도 그렇게 거름을 치면 커피가 아주 맛있는 커피가 많이 됩니다. 그 거름을 언제 넣느냐 그러면 5월달. 그때 넣어줘야 꽃이 생길 때 영양분이 흡수가 되어가지고 꽃을 많이 만듭니다.

25:55 time to come to flowering stage, they absorb all those nutrients, so they give you lots of flower Put in human terms: when you marry, you get pregnant, right? Before the pregnancy, you have to give calcium phosphate so it will be strong. In the same way, mango or papaya, mangosteen and the like, [ahead of] fruiting, if you make this and put it in ahead of time... (partly unclear)

사람으로 얘기하면 결혼을 하면 임신이 되잖아. 임신하기 앞서… 인산칼슘을 주어야 튼튼할 것입니다. 마찬가지로 망고나 파파야나 망고스틴이나 그런 것이 열리기 [전에]… 이걸 아예 미리 이렇게 만들어 넣으면 (일부 불분명)

26:42 the nutrients get absorbed, right? Then flowers form, and a lot of fruit sets, is what I mean. Compare the trees treated this way with untreated ones: the treated ones give nearly a bumper harvest. So if we, if I compare to human being, So you guys plan the having baby, yeah? So when you're planning having baby, you already start having a water-soluble calcium, yeah? And that's the same thing. So all the orchard, the before flowering stage, about one month before, you need to start giving this nutrient.

영양분 흡수가 되잖아요. 그럼 꽃이 생기고 열매가 많이 맺힌다는 말이죠. 그렇게 [처리]한 것과 안 한 것을 비교해서 [처리]한 것이 거의 대수확이 나온다.

27:29 And then when the flowering stage, they have lots of flower, also they will give you lots of fruit. So this is very important step. So even before the flowering stage, let's say this flower tree, I mean, fruit tree is usually flowering June. If you know that, you give them May, one month before. And then tree knows when to absorb those nutrients is needed. You make them to be available in the soil first. So that's how we were doing that.

28:15 One month before, give this nutrient. Something with the urge to reproduce... Among animals and plants, the one with the strongest scent in heat... There is an animal, when they are going to have attracted male animal, they make a strange that gives off a heavy scent in heat and can call the males in, there is one. Do you know which? smell, very strong smell. Do you know what kind of animal that is? Cat.

생식욕을 가지고 있는 거 동물이나 식물 중에서 가장 발정기의 냄새를... 발정 냄새를 심하게 풍겨가지고 숫놈을 불러올 수 있는 [동물이] 있는데, 뭔지 아세요?

29:02 Cat. Oh, that's right, it's a cat. So when one cat goes into heat, the smell spreads, and a tomcat 30 ri away, 12 km away, loves that smell. Wow. Yes, the female cat wants to have that heating, the smell goes about 30, 30, I don't know, ri. Let's say 30 miles away, that those smells go out there, and then the male cat comes looking for the female cat.

그래서 고양이 한 마리가 발정이 나면 그 냄새가 퍼지기 때문에 30리 밖에, 12km 바깥에 있는 숫고양이가 그 냄새가 너무 좋죠.

29:49 Among animals, the one that courts most aggressively is the cat. So in the animal that had most of strongest love there is the cat. (Likewise) in the soil, when the [crop's] pregnancy [scent] comes out... Even the crops, when they are going to have a pregnancy stage, in the root, the smell When [the crop conceives], something comes out of the roots in the soil... the microbes smell it and swarm in.

동물 중에는 연애를 가장 적극적으로 하는 것이 고양이입니다. 토양 속에 있는 임신이 나오는 것 토양 속에 있는 [뿌리에서] 인신(임신?)이 나오는 것... 냄새를 맡고서 미생물이 몰려들어.

30:39 goes out there. And all these microbes smell that and they come. Come towards to that plant. He said, get up. Anyway, so even the crops send out those scents. And then all these microbes come towards that plant. But you already put calcium phosphate in there, right? Then the microbes that came, drawn by the scent, team up with it, and the nutrients combine well.

그런데 거기에 인산칼슘을 넣어 줬잖아요. 그러면 [냄새를] 맡고 온 미생물들하고 합작을 해서 영양분 합작이 잘 된다고.

31:24 So we already gave this nutrient to the crop, right? So when the microbes come towards their root, they mix, they blend in with this nutrient, and the plant absorbs this nutrient much, much faster. Yes? I'm just trying to clarify, is it liquid IMO4? We're confused about the one-to-one, I think. They were wondering about the one-to-one. Yes, yes. You know, this, IMO4 and you said calcium phosphate, one to one. Is it water, a liquid, or just [unclear]?

1대1에 대해 궁금해 하셨는데, 네, 네. 저기, 이거 미생물 4번하고 인산칼슘 1대1이라고 하셨는데요. 물, 액체 상태인지 아니면 그냥 [불분명]인지.

32:16 No, it's not a liquid IMO4. But is it a diluted WCP? It's diluted. I just couldn't understand how it's going together. Mixing this one to one isn't getting across, because [they think] this is the diluted water-soluble calcium [phosphate]. Right. Right. It's the char you made. The char you made. Oh, the char. The char, separately? No, it's not a liquid. The char, bone char, you just put some some vinegar in there. They use it mixed in the bone char. Not this way. We made this bone char,

이걸 1대1로 섞는 게 잘 안 들어오세요. 왜냐하면 이게 희석해서 된 수용성 칼슘 [인산]인지. 숯 만든 거죠. 숯 만든 거. 오, 숯. 숯이 따로요?

33:06 and that amount you put some vinegar in there and then vinegar will make that bone char draw out all the water-soluble calcium phosphate, so ready to absorb by I mean, water-soluble calcium phosphate, easily [absorbed] by the plant. So it's not this stage. When we make a bone char, we use that bone char. And then mix with the IMO4, regular IMO4, you mix together. But you need to put some vinegar in that bone char. OK, so it's mostly the char that you're doing. Mostly char, yeah. And then a little bit of vinegar.

33:51 But we need to know how much vinegar. When you come, maybe I ask. Yeah, because you wrote down like one kilo each. Would that be equal parts vinegar to char? Not the vinegar. The bone char. If you use one pound of IMO4, you need to use one pound of bone char. That bone char has some vinegar in it. Yeah, I was a little confused too. Oh, using the bones that come out of here? Yes. Yes? Yes? Wait. Well, this is mixing the vinegar with it, right? Yeah. Which means the leftover ones after you strain it? No, no. No. You made a bone char already. Exactly. You just have to dry.

34:36 Yeah. The one thing you just make, a bone char, let's say. And then you put some vinegar. So that way, it became a water-soluble state. So what is the [unclear] state? You know the bone char. How much vinegar do you put on it? That's about [unclear]. Just slightly moist. Just a kind of moist state. So when you put vinegar, the bone char is just moist, only that much. Think of it this way. When mom makes food in the kitchen, does she weigh it all on a scale?

뼈 숯 있잖아요. 거기다가 식초를 얼만큼 넣어야 돼요? 그거는 [불분명] 정도. 그냥 약간 촉촉한. 이렇게 생각해요. 엄마가 부엌에서 음식을 만들 때 저울을 달아서 만드나?

35:23 Okay, so actually in Korea, only in Korea. In Korea, mom, when cooking in the kitchen, we don't weigh all the spices. We just put a little here, a little like this. That's how Korean women So, by feel. cook. So you need to cook that way. So just do it by your feeling. When the baby poops and mom changes the diaper, does the baby say, "I pooped, change my diaper"? Does it talk like that? When the baby poops, does baby tell mama, "Mama, I pooped"? Do they tell you?

그래서 느낌으로. 엄마가 애기가 똥 쌌다고 기저귀 [가는] 거? 애기가 나 똥 쌌으니까 기저귀 갈아 줘, 그렇게 얘기를 하나?

36:15 So that's how mom knows baby needs to change diaper? How do they know? How does mama know? Look on your face. She looks at the baby's face and knows. But the baby doesn't say anything. Doesn't she know right away, by feel? Baby doesn't tell mom, "I pooped." They just feel. So that's how they change the diaper. So that's why...

애기 얼굴을 보고 [알지요]. 감으로 얼른 알지 않아? 그게 이제 그래서...